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用户名:ckisno1 笔名:ckisno1 地区: 山东-济南 行业:其他 |
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欢迎访问崔凯的博客
上课与学生分享的一点东西
一:分享的观念
1:成功就是简单的事情重复做!
2:成功者之所以会成功,是因为他们愿意做别人不敢做的事,做别人不愿意做的事,做别人做不到的事!
3:每一分私下的努力,都会有倍增的回收,在公众都会被表扬出来;所以不要羡慕那些比你成功的人,他们只是私下比你认真,比你努力!
4:成功是每时每刻的全力以赴,而非偶尔全力以赴!
5:成功就是在最短的时间里采取最大量的行动!
6:不要以为你已经很努力了,在这个充满竞争的社会里,比你努力的人多的是。所以别人努力,你就要更努力。每一天都要比自己昨天,比别人做得更多,更好,更卖力!
二:英语学习方法论(仅供参考)
1:总论: 突破英语发音(大胆开口去说)
大量背诵实用句子(背诵并模仿)
背诵并应用文章
(2-3个月) (3-5个月) 美国电影
3: 英语单词 :多背+应用!!!!!
21世纪报,China daily, English digest英语文摘
5: 口译自我训练方法(有必要每天练习一定的时间)
A: 良好的英语汉语功底。
B: 视译
C: 交替翻译(听磁带一段时间,停下,翻译。汉英交替进行)
6:英语(高级)背景知识的积累
A: 中国外交部官方网站
B: www.cnn.com
C: www.nytimes.com
D: www.washingtonpost.com
上课与学生分享的一点东西
一:分享的观念
1:成功就是简单的事情重复做!
2:成功者之所以会成功,是因为他们愿意做别人不敢做的事,做别人不愿意做的事,做别人做不到的事!
3:每一分私下的努力,都会有倍增的回收,在公众都会被表扬出来;所以不要羡慕那些比你成功的人,他们只是私下比你认真,比你努力!
4:成功是每时每刻的全力以赴,而非偶尔全力以赴!
5:成功就是在最短的时间里采取最大量的行动!
6:不要以为你已经很努力了,在这个充满竞争的社会里,比你努力的人多的是。所以别人努力,你就要更努力。每一天都要比自己昨天,比别人做得更多,更好,更卖力!
二:英语学习方法论(仅供参考)
1:总论: 突破英语发音(大胆开口去说)
大量背诵实用句子(背诵并模仿)
背诵并应用文章
(2-3个月) (3-5个月) 美国电影
3: 英语单词 :多背+应用!!!!!
21世纪报,China daily, English digest英语文摘
5: 口译自我训练方法(有必要每天练习一定的时间)
A: 良好的英语汉语功底。
B: 视译
C: 交替翻译(听磁带一段时间,停下,翻译。汉英交替进行)
6:英语(高级)背景知识的积累
A: 中国外交部官方网站
B: www.cnn.com
C: www.nytimes.com
D: www.washingtonpost.com
(转帖)英语学习非常棒的网站地址及介绍
英语学习的一点建议
1、英语的学习不是一朝一夕就可以提高的,所以请你不要急躁。
2、成功最快的方式就是按部就班,所以请你一定要有计划性。
3、如果实在找不到口语练习的教材,请购买李阳疯狂英语的《脱口而出》1-5集中任何一集来练习做到真正的 脱口而出。
4、背诵词汇最好的书是 刘毅主编的《Vocabulary 5000》,《Vocabulary 10000》。
我的联系方式
由于工作原因,所以没有及时更新。在此向各位致以深深的歉意!
我的联系方式:ckisnumber1@126.com. 注意:number之后是数字1。 是cui kai is number one 的缩写。
如果需要我的帮忙,呵呵,请联系我。
崔凯
口译笔记要点
转自实战口译
一些观点尚待进一步探讨
恐怕可以这么说,你已经在不知觉中迈出了提高口译水平的第一步。看完这页,希望你会同意我这样说。
笔记是高级口译的关键。使用笔记,是为了补充大脑短期记忆和耐久力的不足,以保证译文的精确度,并保证其不受讲话人持续时间的影响。
如果完全依赖记忆,又没有异常的天赋,即使精力充沛的年青人,也不能胜任高级口译对精确度和耐久力的要求。实际例子,我在工作中多次碰到过。高级口译员没有不靠笔记的。但是,高级口译使用的笔记与一般的概念,风马牛不相及。
以下,我将为各位介绍自己多年来琢磨发展出来的一套方法。这套方法以笔记与大脑短期记忆互动,辅之以同声传译中惯用的断句,以及其他翻译技巧。方法的核心是笔记。
请注意,每个人的记忆,思维,和反应都有各自的特点。没有必要全部照搬我的方法。最好用的笔记方式是你自己发展出来的,适合自己的系统。我的介绍是为了给你开个头,起个指点方向,打开思路的作用。
比如,笔记越简单,记录就越迅速。但笔记简单了,对短期记忆的要求就相对提高了。所以,笔记多少为最佳,因人而易,需要摸索出适合于自己的平衡。
笔记如何做、如何用,我先在本单元里讲要点,然后在下一单元中以实例说明。各条要点相辅相成,也有一个掌握好平衡的问题,也不是绝对的,也需要你走出自己的路。
这些要点是:
1. 少写多划。划线条比写文字快。线条形象,相当于翻译的"半成品",有助译员眼看笔记,口出译文。两种情况下应该尽量用线条:
表示动作和动态的词句。比如,以上升的斜线代表"发展","增加","进步","进一步";以下降的斜线代表"减少","下降","恶化"等等。
表示因果或前后关系的词句。比如,用一条线代表"因为/所以","…之后","在…之前",以体现出上下前后之间的关联关系。
2. 少字多意。养成一个词的笔记不超过一个字的习惯。中文里有大量的词汇是由两个,或两个以上的字组成。只要看到其中一个,你的短期记忆就应该能够补齐其余的字。不必多写。比如,"中国"最多写个"中"。"北京"最多写个"北"。英文词也同理处理。"politics" 最多写"poli","government"最多写"gov",等等。另外,需要培养以笔记与记忆互动;看到一个字能说出几个字,甚至一串词的能力。在有上下文的情况下,这不难。比如,谈中国的近况,听到"改革,开放"记一个"改"字,不难从短期记忆中说出原文。听到"British Prime Minister Tony Blair",记"PM",也同样能说出原文。
3. 少线多指。通用一小组线条/标记。否则在自己本来熟悉的中英文之外,又编出一套自己不熟悉的文码使用,会导致需要想一想用哪个符号的情况,适得其反。
4. 少横多竖。采取从上往下的阶梯结构记录,尽量少用通常书写时的横向记录。阶梯结构形象地体现出上下文的逻辑结构,简化了译员的思维过程,方便出译文。
5. 快速书写。必须发展自己的汉字快速书写系统。口译笔记完全是自己看,而且只需要几分钟之内能看懂就行。很多汉字笔划减少后,并不影响确认。我这里讲的不是潦草,而是除了实际口译经常不得不潦草之外,花一些时间,把练习中或口译工作中常用的字琢磨一下,看看可以怎样减少笔划,或理顺笔划,一笔成字。
6. 明确结束。口译中,讲话人说一段,停下来让译员译一段,然后再继续。这样,上一段话和下一段话之间,必须有明确的界限。上一次的结束点,就成了下一次翻译的开始点。其重要性在于,如果笔记是从本子的1/3处开始的,下一段话可能写了2-3页,翻回来口译时,眼光无法确定这页上面哪一条线,或符号是这次翻译内容的开始点。所以需要标明。
我刚入门时学的是每次讲话人结束时划一道线。后来发现,从讲话人收口,到我作为译员不得不开口的那段时间非常宝贵,经常被用来补充笔记,舍不得用来划结束线。后来,我就干脆把这道手续推迟到我说完译文。由于从我说完,到讲话人再开始这段时间在我掌握之内,所以我说完时,顺手划一道线,再示意讲话人继续讲。
另外,我觉得划线不够清楚,所以现在改为一个圆圈再一横线。
最后,讲一下所需装备。
我建议你使用带有活页圈的笔记本,见下列照片。有活页圈才能来回翻倒方便。笔记本大小以自己感觉舒服为准。我喜欢用英国制的A5开。躺在我的巴掌上不大不小,刚刚好。只是英国这些为速记设计的本子印有横杆。空白页更为理想。
持笔记本的手势见下列照片。记完一页,翻过去一页。讲话人收口后,一把抓地全部翻回来,落眼处正是这个段子的开头。然后,译一页,翻过去一页。这段译完后,把翻过去的几页一把压在手掌中。这等于是用手掌把已经翻完的,和下一段的笔记清楚分开。这点很重要。否则,很容易出现讲话人收口后,你来回翻找本段首页的难堪局面。
如果是坐在桌前,笔记本放在桌面上,也是记完一页,翻过去一页。也千万不要忘记在讲话人开口说下一段之前,把已经翻完的笔记页压到笔记本下。
笔,我建议用按压式的。这样,一手持本,另一手随时都可以掏出笔来,一按就开始记。如果是旋转开盖的笔,则需要两只手操作。如果笔套不紧的,还时不时要掉,很分心。我长年惯带两支笔,多次免遭墨水用尽之难。
空谈理论,已经不少了。请点击看下一单元。上述要点将有许多实例说明。既帮助理解,又为往后的实际练习打下基础。
Attached Image
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we choose reach the moon and other things not because they are easy but because they are hard!!
大家看贴要回贴啊!!!您的回应才是我们继续下去的理由!!!
[Host]
Kathy Posted: Feb 3 2004, 10:22 PM
Newbie
Group: Members
Posts: 23
Member No.: 7
Joined: 15-November 03
very practical!!
unfortunately, we have to develop our own note-taking systems. still a long way to go.
hope we can learn from each other, help each out and share some tips!
lets improve together!
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每个人都有潜在的能量,只是很容易:被习惯所掩盖,被时间所迷离,被惰性所消磨.
[No.1]
lindayang Posted: Feb 7 2004, 07:19 AM
Moderator
Group: Moderator
Posts: 82
Member No.: 2421
Joined: 6-February 04
To: Eric, Kathy
"口译笔记要点"这个贴子的下一个单元在哪里?
看了您谈的有关口译笔记的一些理论, 正是我在口译练习中碰到的最难办的问题,因为我在练习的时候, 多以一边听录音磁带一边进行翻译(中英互译都有),就是因为磁带中的语速过快而难以记录完整的内容, 以至在翻译的时候不够精确和完整,曾经参考过一些有关速记的技巧, 跟您提到的类似, 我想您的这些要点都是经过多年的实践和练习而得出的, 而我所缺乏的可能正是"不断的练习和改正", 我很希望可以跟大家一起分享我的成功, 探讨我们共同的困扰.哈哈...
[No.2]
Eric Posted: Feb 7 2004, 12:52 PM
Site Admin
Group: Admin
Posts: 1960
Member No.: 3
Joined: 13-November 03
呵呵,我的理论性还没有那么强啦。转的帖子。但在笔记方面还有有点讲得东东,和大家探讨一下。其实说是笔记,实际上你再看看专业译员的笔记,记得东东很少。还有强调的是,笔记只是你的记忆的辅助工具,如果你太依赖笔记的话,你也就同时陷入了一个比较危险的处境。笔记有可能成为你的记忆的一个障碍,在记笔记的同时有可能丢掉更多的link。所以说要尽可能的减少你的笔记,而不是听到什么记什么。让这一部由你的大脑来完成。事实上记下的笔记,与原文来比可能只有1/3,1/4或者更少。笔记的时候更多的使用符号而不是去记单词。选择最少的字来记下关键的词。附上一张总结的一点点符号,仅作参考。因为每个人都有自己的符号,建好自己的符号系统,你会发现会受益很大。强调一点笔记不能记太多,必须减少写下来的字数。希望大家指正
Attached Image (Click thumbnail to expand)
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we choose reach the moon and other things not because they are easy but because they are hard!!
大家看贴要回贴啊!!!您的回应才是我们继续下去的理由!!!
[No.3]
lindayang Posted: Feb 8 2004, 03:58 AM
Moderator
Group: Moderator
Posts: 82
Member No.: 2421
Joined: 6-February 04
您附上的Attached Image 的前面一页好象也有不少的符号, 您认为什么样的词句用符号表示会好一些, (我发现最多的是连词和一些专有名词)我想如果积累太多太多的符号, 恐怕有一天自己都弄不清他们代表的具体含义.
[No.4]
Eric Posted: Feb 8 2004, 12:10 PM
Site Admin
Group: Admin
Posts: 1960
Member No.: 3
Joined: 13-November 03
这些东西一个是靠自己积累,自己弄出来的符号,就要经常用才不会忘掉。有时候你会发现在做笔记有时候容易越做越多,在这个时候你会发现符号很重要。平常做完一片笔记之后,应该反过来看看,究竟这片笔记那些地方可以省略,如何改进。另外比较重要的一点是笔记中的link,有时候对着笔记你却讲不出来。笔记中一定要把link体现清楚。看看导师的笔记,他们会记得很少。link很清楚。在这边教学中强调笔记的整体性的关联性。正如你说得连刺等的符号很重要。其实只要发现一个长点的词就可以考虑一下用符号,也可以缩写.每一个人有自己的一套系统
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we choose reach the moon and other things not because they are easy but because they are hard!!
大家看贴要回贴啊!!!您的回应才是我们继续下去的理由!!!
[No.5]
lindayang Posted: Feb 9 2004, 04:05 AM
Moderator
Group: Moderator
Posts: 82
Member No.: 2421
Joined: 6-February 04
了解~~~~~~~~~~~~~~哈哈.....
我想我以后会更加注意的!
[No.6]
Wzhaojun Posted: Feb 9 2004, 06:52 AM
Newbie
Group: Junior Memeber
Posts: 66
Member No.: 42
Joined: 24-November 03
dear frieds, do you find that the most lack of us is not theory but practice? guys, DO IT WELL TALKING!
咱们老祖宗那句话: 临渊慕鱼, 不如退而结网. 当然还有"磨刀不误砍柴工".
那么, 练累了, 就来BBW溜溜吧, 别忘了带上你的心得笔记!
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你还记得12岁时的梦想吗?
[No.7]
Eric Posted: Feb 19 2004, 02:23 AM
Site Admin
Group: Admin
Posts: 1960
Member No.: 3
Joined: 13-November 03
关于笔记补充一点点很小的东西,但也或许很重要。其实这个对于同传和交传都是适用的。再交传的时候出了你自己的notebook之外,应该注意另外准备一张纸,这张纸上用来清楚地记商会一种将会出现的term,而这张纸就是放在桌子上,这些东西不要写在你的笔记本上。二是仅仅作为随时的参考,一旦出现这个词很快的溜一眼。注意可以的话也可以把这个词的符号也做上,这一支接卸上符号就可以了,也就不必再写了。另外这个习惯也同样应该保留到同传当中。
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we choose reach the moon and other things not because they are easy but because they are hard!!
大家看贴要回贴啊!!!您的回应才是我们继续下去的理由!!!
[No.8]
ZYZY917 Posted: Feb 23 2004, 03:35 PM
Newbie
Group: Junior Memeber
Posts: 57
Member No.: 2734
Joined: 20-February 04
very practical
[No.9]
Eric Posted: Feb 23 2004, 04:27 PM
Site Admin
Group: Admin
Posts: 1960
Member No.: 3
Joined: 13-November 03
Notes symbols 2 only for reference
would love to listen to your idea and exchange experience
Plz bear my poor handwriting:)
Attached Image (Click thumbnail to expand)
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we choose reach the moon and other things not because they are easy but because they are hard!!
大家看贴要回贴啊!!!您的回应才是我们继续下去的理由!!!
口译中需要记住的词汇
Give the floor to 请…发言
It is a great pleasure for me to我很荣幸…
Relevant issues 相关问题
Updated research research result 最新的调查结果
Attach the importance to 对…给予重视
Lead-edge technologies领先技术
Minister Counselor公使
Natural heritage自然遗产
Shared concern 共同关心的问题
Well-deserved reputation良好的信誉
对…表示衷心的感谢express sincere gratitude to
请…讲话 Let’ s welcome to give a speech
双边会议bilateral conference
以掌声对…表示的最热烈的欢迎propose the warmest applause to
主办单位sponsor
颁奖仪式the Award Ceremony
贺词greeting speech
隆重举行observe the grand opening of
请…颁奖 Let’s invite to present the award
取得圆满成功achieve complete ceremony
全球庆典global celebration ceremony
宣布…结束 declare the closing of
请全体起立,奏国歌 Please rise for the national anthem.
Collective stewardship集体管理
Competitive job market充满竞争的就业市场
Financial institutions金融机构
Forward-looking进取
Gross National Product国民生产总值
Meet the challenges 迎接挑战
Public authorities公共机构
Regulatory mechanism 法规机制
The threshold of our transition into the new millenmum跨越新千年的门槛
UNCHS (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)联合国人居中心
Urban residents 城市居民
Well-serviced formal city服务齐全的高尚城市
把…列为重要内容place as the priority
不放松工作never neglect the work
节约用水 water conservation
对…表示衷心祝贺extend our sincere congratulations on
节约用水先进城市model city of water conservation
使…取得预期效果attain the results expected
授予…光荣称号 confer honorable awards on
为…而奋斗strive for
严重缺水城市a city of severe water shortage
有关单位units concerned
与…比有差距compared with ,there is still some way to go
预祝…圆满成功wish a complete success
开源与节流并重broaden sources of income &reduce expenditure
对外贸易港口seaport for foreign trade
国内生产总值National Gross Products
欢聚一堂merrily gather
活跃的经济带vigorous economic region
基础雄厚solid foundation
留下最美好的印象may you have a most pleasant impression
盛世the grand occasion
祝愿在停留愉快wish a pleasant stay
综合性商港comprehensive commercial seaport
春意盎然spring is very much in the air
forest coverage森林覆盖率
global warming全球变暖
principal element主要因素
toxic emission废气排放
迸发出心灵的火花ignite the sparks of understanding
建立合作桥梁build the bridge for cooperation
内容翔实substantial in content
能源大省major province of energy
日程紧凑tight in schedule
call upon 号召
conservation benefits节水的好处
industrial reuse and recycling工业中水利用
pollution fines 污染罚款
urban water conservation城市节水
water saving fixtures节水装置
地区经济regional economic
港口经营多元化diversification in port operation
责任和义务perform our duties and fulfill our obligations
地区行业盛会a well-known regional event of the industry
发起港initiating ports
break free 冲破藩篱
civil society民间团体
ethnic lines种族
genuine partnership真正的合作伙伴
squatter settlements 违章建筑区
without access to 享受不到
畅所欲言open dialogues
计划经济的束缚the bounding of planning economy
紧迫问题pressing issues
科教兴省和走可持续发展的道路vitalize the province by science and technology and sustainable development
空前膨胀unprecedentedly inflated
控制增长势头curb the trend of steep rise
面临严峻挑战face severe challenges
清醒地看到acutely aware
生态恶化ecological deterioration
提高意识strengthen the awareness
相互尊重,求同存异,平等互利,优势互补,借鉴经验,拓展合作,立足当前,着眼未来respect each other, seek the common ground while putting aside difference, enjoy equality and mutual benefits, complement each other’s advantages, learn each other’s experience, expand the cooperation, stand from the present and look forward to the future
以此会议为契机take the opportunity of this seminar
滞后lag behind
转轨建制过程缓慢the tr4ansition of mechanism is slow
总结经验教训draw lessons from the past
community development oriented 以发展社区为宗旨的
deserved winners当之无愧的获奖者
ethnic minorities少数民族
gainful employment有报酬的
gender issues性别问题
handicraft works 手工艺品
income generation 工薪阶层
in-depth knowledge深入了解
the handicapped残疾人
不求最大,但求最好seek the best instead of the largest
产业结构industrial structure
城乡一体化the unified design between the city and the countryside
短期行为short-term conduct
房地产开发real estate development
扶贫帮困help and support the poor
公共绿地public lawn
公用事业public utilities
会展中心convention center
基建规模infrastructure scale
精品意识consciousness for the best
精品住宅区model human settlements
企业效益enterprise revenue
文明乘车civil bus ride
希望工程Hope Project
以人为本human centered
主办城市the host city
综合治理comprehensively administer
economic recession 经济萧条
press conference 记者招待会
rough diamond 钻坯
sophisticated machine 先进机器
staggering growth 强劲的增长
trade union 业界
umbrella name统称
濒临停产边缘be close to production collapse
反省reflect on
回报期period of investment return
痛定思痛recall a painful experience
卧薪尝胆endure present hardships to revive
兴旺期blossom period
develop and flourish 茁壮成长
expanding export earner不断扩展的出口创汇者
impose stringent rules定下严格规则
市场波动market fluctuation
协会章程association charter
总经营额total business revenue
end-user用人单位
entry-level学徒期
from square one从头开始
high-caliber高水平的
instill or reinforce灌输或强化
job specification工作性质
localization programs本土化项目
performance appraisal表现评估
不断调整和日趋完善的阶段the stage of constant adjustment and improvement
产学研一体化的办学机制the educational mechanism of combining learning with research and production
成人学历教育,高等教育自学考试 continuing education and self-study examination of higher education
初露端倪reveal its importance for the first time
翻译导游tourist interpreter
复合型,应用型管理人才versatile and practical management talents
结构性调整structural adjustment
民俗风情customs and habits
相伴而生be accompanied by
学术领域academic sector
应势而生come into existence as the situation requires
在职培训part-time training
专业方向professional emphasis
资格考试qualification test
TOPICAL
The Economic Commission for Europe欧洲经济委员会
A world-wide reputation誉满全球
Conference center会议中心
The world Health Organization 世界卫生组织
International civil servants 国际事务公务员
International press center国际新闻中心
Works of art 艺术品
International trading center国际贸易中心
Rich cultural blend 丰富多彩的文化交融
Holiday resort 旅游胜地
Natural reserves 自然保护区
Feudal dynasty封建王朝
中国革命历史博物馆the Museum of the Chinese Revolution
一座历史丰碑a historical monument
快节奏的社会 fast-tempo society
专题展览exhibitions on special subject
实地考察on-the-spot investigaion
经历了数千年的风吹雨打being beaten by elements for thousands of years
古典艺术精品classical art treasures
世界文化遗产World Cultural Heritage
紫禁城the Forbidden City
文物宝库a treasure house of cultural relics
私人收藏家personal collector
securities exchanges 证券交易所
stock exchanges股票交易所
systematic market process有组织的买卖过程
major corporation大公司
New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所
Tax harmonization协调税收
Hot topic热门话题
European Union欧盟
Driving force推动力
Contemplate on the harmonization统一的期望
国际货币组织International Monetary Fund
国内需求domestic demand
经济全球化economic globalization
双边渠道bilateral channels
亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
金融危机financial crisis
广泛关注arouse wide concern
国际社会international community
公正合理的国际经济新秩序a new and reasonable international economic order
从大局出发proceed from the whole situation
财政政策financial policy
共同繁荣common prosperity
贸易投资自由化trade and investment liberalization
日新月异progress with each passing day
知识经济knowledge economy
faulty members 教职工
subscribes to 订阅
journals and periodicals 杂志期刊
recreations and athletic facilities娱乐体育设施
arts department文科系
applied science应用科学
recipients of Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖金获得者
intellectual and personal qualities文化和个人素质
living expenses生活费
sense of community团队意识
成人教育学院continuing education school
仿真实验室simulation laboratory
教育部Ministry of Education
土木工程civil engineering
全国重点大学national key university
信息技术information technology
函授生correspondence student
外国留学生international student
教育展览会Education Exhibition
组委会organizing committee
主要内容main component
热点话题much-talked-about topic
共同关心的信息mutually concerned information
fresh water resource洁水资源
over the last couple of decades 在过去的二十年里
land available for farming适耕地
fresh water available可用清洁水
emerging economies 新兴经济
global warming 全球变暖
ecological crisis生态危机
path to prosperity通向繁荣之路
seize the opportunity抓住机遇
remarkable environmental progress引人注目的环境
垃圾处理garbage disposal
生活必需品the bare necessities of life
消费品consumer goods
消费习惯consuming habit
捕鱼量the volume of fishing
造纸业paper-making industry
木材储量timber reserves
森林覆盖面积forest-covering area
inward investment 对内投资
entrepreneurship创业精神
pay tribute to 表示敬意
subsidies and grants津贴和拨款
problem of terrorism恐怖主义问题
gave their lives to the highest calling将生命献给了最崇高的事业
target of terrorism恐怖主义的目标
intensified our effort 加强力量
bring to justice使归案受审
国际条约international treaties
世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property Organization
私营部门the private sector
知识产权intellectual property
总干事Director Geneor
在进入新的千年之际at the threshold of the new millennium
成员国member countries
纲领性文件programmatic document
基本人权fundamental human rights
殖民枷锁colonialist shackles
任重道远the burden is heavy and the road is long
internet phone industry网络电话业
vast potential for future development广阔的发展前景
telephone sound quality电话音质
instantaneous transmission即时传输
GPS(Global Positioning System)全球卫星定位系统
Relay station中继站
Intelligent traffic management systems智能交通管理系统
分子生物学Molecular biology
能源综合利用comprehensive utilization of energy
认识科学cognitive science
生产力productive force
推动力量driving force
相对论the theory of relativity
行为科学behavior science
知识科学knowledge economy
新兴产业rising economy
层出不穷emerge one after another
科教兴国战略the strategy of economic development through science-technology and education
可持续发展sustainable development
试点工程pilot program
严峻挑战serious challenges
运行机制operational mechanism
中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences
综合国力the overall national strength
磁悬浮铁路magnetic suspended railway
root causes根本原因
juvenile crime bill青少年犯罪
idle talk闲聊
easy access to 轻易接近
zero tolerance绝不容忍
balanced budget 预算平衡
step up to its responsibilities 担负起责任
law enforcement professionals执法者
debit card提款卡
magnetic stripe磁条
parking meter停车计费表
personal identification number 密码
pull double duty具备双重功能
electronic versions电子交易
chip-enhanced versions加强性芯片
be hot for the idea热衷于这个主意
遥控器remote controller
无孔不入all pervasive
增强性能strengthen the property
减少故障to reduce the breakdown
原动力motive power
高架铁路aerial train
汽车废气的排放discharge of automobile exhaust fumes
毗邻而居be adjacent to
state-of-the art 最新型的,最优良的
three-dimensional三维的,立体的
ground-breaking 开拓性的,独创的
organizing committee组委会
innovative approach创新方法
marketing partner市场合作伙伴
a giant leap into the future走向未来的一次飞跃
cash for votes用钱拉选票
bribery scandal贿赂丑闻
草地网球lawn tennis
发球区service court
处于执牛耳的地位occupy a leading position
体育道德精神sportsmanship
以全体运动员的名义in the name of all the athletes
借助不正当的手段resort to unjust means
汉英口译分类词汇(01)--外经贸类词汇
汉英口译分类词汇(02)--外经贸类词汇
澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA:
摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shake off the impact of the financial crisis
帮助人才脱颖而出help excellent talents find way to distinction
备件spare parts
部长级会议ministerial meeting
采取积极财政政策 proactive fiscal policy
出口创汇型/外向型产业 export-oriented industry
垂直兼并vertical merger
倒爷profiteer
抵免offset
东盟自由贸易区 AFTA:ASEAN Free Trade Area
东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN:Association of South-East Asian Nations
对外项目承包foreign project contracting
反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against ……
防伪标志anti-fake label
放松银根ease monetary policy
非配额产品quota-free products
非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects
风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment
风险基金venture capital
风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
岗位培训on-the-job training
港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
工程项目engineering project
工业增加值industrial added value
公正合理equitable and rational
固定资产投资investment in the fixed assets
广开就业门路increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale
国合企业(即国有合作社)state-owned cooperatives
国际清算international settlement
国际收支平衡balance of international payments/ balance of payment
国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment
国家补贴public subsidies
国家鼓励项目projects listed as encouraged by the state
国家科技创新体系State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves
合理引导消费guide rational consumption
横向兼并horizontal merger
坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
货币市场money market
机构臃肿overstaffing in (government) organizations
机构重叠organizational overlapping
技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
季节性调价seasonal price adjustments
既成事实established/accomplished facts
减免债务reduce and cancel debts
建材building materials
进口环节税import linkage tax
经常项目current account
经常性的财政收入regular revenues
竟价投标competitive bidding
就业前培训pre-job training
控股公司holding company
垃圾融资junk financing
劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises
劳务合作labor service cooperation
累计实现顺差143.4美元accumulatively realizing trade surplus
利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
流动人口floating population
龙头产品lagship product
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
慢性萧条chronic depression
农业技术合作 ATC:Agricultural Technical Cooperation
盘活存量资产revitalize stock assets
配件accessories
皮包公司flying-by-night company; bogus company
平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
企业的自我约束机制self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises
企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses
企业所得税corporate income tax
千年问题、千年虫millennium bug
抢得先机take the preemptive opportunities
清理、修订screen and modify
求同存异overcome differences and seek common ground
商住和公益设施建设commercial, residential and public utility construction
申报制度reporting system; income declaration system
实行股份制enforce stockholding system
实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to, treat foreign investors as quals to the Chinese counterparts
市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA Administrative Aspects of Market Access
适销对路的产品readily marketable products
双重轨制two-tier system / double-track system
水利water conservation
所有制形式forms of ownership
贪图安逸crave comfort and pleasure
通货紧缩deflation
通货膨胀inflation
同步增长increase in the same pace
外援方式modality of foreign aid
无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator
无纸交易paperless transaction
现代企业制度modern corporate system
消费膨胀inflated consumption
协议投标negotiated bidding
信息化informationize
形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
亚欧会议ASEM:Asia-Europe Meeting
亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF:
亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC:APEC Business Advisory Council
亚太计量程序 APMP:
亚太经合组织部长级会议AMM:APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
亚太经济合作组织 APEC:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太能源研究中心 APERC:
亚太商业论坛 ABF:APEC Business Forum
亚太商业网络 APB-Net:Asia-Pacific Business Network
亚太实验室认可合作APLAC:
亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS:APEC Communications and Database System
亚太信息基础设施 APII:Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心ACTETSME:
亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
营业税turnover tax
在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
债转股debt-to-equity swap
中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from
中介服务组织intermediary service organization
注入新的生机与活力bring new vigor and vitality into
转化经营机制change the method of operation
资本项目capital account
自
自由浮动汇率free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
自主经营,自负盈亏responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progress
shipping service company 船务公司
generic products非商标(非专利)产品
prudent monetary policy稳健的货币政策
deficit spending超前消费
run on banks(到银行)挤兑
domestic support to agriculture 对农业的国内支持
special bonds特种债券
economy of abundance 富裕经济
Animal-based protein动物源性蛋白
dual purpose exports军民两用品出口
dual-use goods and technology 军民两用产品和技术
NAFTA North American Free Trade Area北美自由贸易区
global quota全球配额
grandfather clause祖父条款
Animal-derived food动物源食品
EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)部门提前自愿自由化
TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)贸易和投资自由化和便利化
常见缩略:
C&F(cost&freight)成本加运费价
T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇
D/P(document against payment)付款交单
D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单
C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证
G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制
CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱
PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等
DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元
DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打
PKG(package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等
WT(weight)重量
G.W.(gross weight)毛重
N.W.(net weight)净重
(customs declaration)报关单
EA(each)每个,各
W (with)具有
w/o(without)没有
FAC(facsimile)传真
IMP(import)进口
EXP(export)出口
MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的
MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度
M 或MED (medium)中等,中级的
M/V(merchant vessel)商船
S.S(steamship)船运
MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨
DOC (document)文件、单据
INT(international)国际的
P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表
INV (invoice)发票
PCT (percent)百分比
REF (reference)参考、查价
EMS (express mail special)特快传递
STL.(style)式样、款式、类型
T或LTX或TX(telex)电传
RMB(renminbi)人民币
S/M (shipping marks)装船标记
PR或PRC(price) 价格
PUR (purchase)购买、购货
S/C(sales contract)销售确认书
L/C (letter of credit)信用证
B/L (bill of lading)提单
FOB (free on board)离岸价
CIF (cost,insurance&freight)成本、保险加运费价
GMO (genetically modified organism)转基因组织
CAGA (compound annual growth average)年复合增长率
汉英口译分类词汇(01)--社会发展词汇
汉英口译分类词汇(01)--社会发展词汇
211工程 211 Project
安居工程 housing project for low-income families
安居小区 a neighborhood for low-income families
保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment
补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金 All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.
裁定保险赔偿 adjudication of benefits
城镇居民最低生活保障 guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents在城镇强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险 Social welfare insurance, particularly old-age, unemployment and medical insurance, must be made mandatory in urban areas.
城镇社会保障体系the social security system in urban areas
城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees
创新精神 be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind
促进学生德、智、体、美全面发展 ensure that students improve in terms of their moral, intellectual and fitness level as well as in their appreciation of aesthetics
大家庭 extended family
大力推行个人助学信贷 Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.
大专文凭 associate degree (conferred to junior college students)
代培 training-on-contract program
代培生 trainee on contract
带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits
待业人员 job seekers
待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job
单亲家庭 single parent family
定向培训 training for specific posts
独生子女 the only child
对保障方案进行精算评估 Security programs should undergo actuarial review.
对口扶贫 provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions
恶性犯罪 major crimes
反对迷信 be against superstition
福利分房 buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with
复式住宅 compound apartment
干部年轻化 rejuvenation of cadres
岗位培训 on-job training
高度重视精神文明建设 pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress
搞好优生优育 promote good prenatal and postnatal care
个人自愿计划 voluntary private plans
工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system
工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system
关系国计民生的大事 matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood
关心和支持残疾人事业 Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.
关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.
贵族学校 exclusive school(美); select school(英)
国企下岗职工基本生活保障 guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises
过紧日子 tighten one’s belt
过温饱生活 live a life at a subsistent level
合理调整就业结构to rationally readjust the employment structure
后勤服务社会化 make logistic services independent in their operation
积极发展民办教育 Efforts should be made to develop schools not operated by government education departments.
基本养老金basic pensions
计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning
继续开展“扫黄打非”斗争 The fight against pornography, illegal publications and piracy shall be continued.
加快住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
加强计划生育工作 further improve family planning
加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
家庭美德 family virtues
坚持“两手抓、两手都要硬”的方针 adhere to the principle of “doing two jobs at once and attaching equal importance to each”
坚持正确的舆论导向 maintain the correct orientation for public opinion
建立集体合同制度to establish a group contract system
建立市场导向的就业机制to establish a market-oriented employment mechanism
建立新型的劳动关系to establish a new type of labor relations
建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府 build a clean and diligent, pragmatic and efficient government
建设一个富强、民主、文明的国家 build a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country
教育程度 educational status; education received
教育程度比率 educational attainment ratio
戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center
精算界 actuarial profession
精算师 actuaries
扩大就业和再就业to expand employment and reemployment
劳动保障监察制度the labor security supervision system
劳动标准体系labor standard system
劳动争议处理体制the system of handling labor disputes
面临困境 face adverse conditions
努力稳定低生育水平 work to stabilize the low birth rate
培养创新精神和实践能力 help them develop practical abilities and a spirit of innovation
破案率 rate of solved criminal cases
强制性普及方案 universally compulsory program
切实减轻中小学生过重的课业负担 effectively reduce too heavy homework assignments for primary and secondary school students
确保国有企业下岗职工基本生活费和离退休人员基本养老金按时足额发放to ensure that subsistence allowances for laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises and basic pensions for retirees are paid on time and in full
人口出生率 birth rate
人口老龄化 aging of population
人口增长的高峰期 baby boom
人口增长与社会经济发展相协调 try to keep population growth in line with social and economic development
人民生活水平 quality of life; the living standards
认真贯彻实施中国妇女、儿童发展纲要 The programs for the development of work concerning women and children should be earnestly implemented.
弱势群体disadvantaged groups
扫除青壮年文盲 eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged people
伤残保险 disability insurance
社会保障 social security
社会保障“三条保障线”制度 social security system of “three guarantees”
社会福利制度the social welfare system
社会公德 social morality
社会互助制度the social mutual help system
社会治安状况好转 see an improved law-and-order situation
深入扎实地开展群众性精神文明创建活动 Extensive public participation activities are launched to promote cultural and ethical progress.
生活待遇 material amenities
生活费收入 income available for cost of living
生活费用 cost of living; income maintenance; subsistence cost
生育保险制度the childbirth insurance system
失学儿童 dropouts
失业保险 guarantee of unemployment insurance benefits
失业保险 unemployment insurance
失业保险制度the unemployment insurance system
失业率 rate of unemployment
实施积极促进就业的政策to implement the policy of vigorously increasing employment
实现基本普及九年义务教育 The goal in the effort to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal has been attained.
实现小康目标 attain the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life
实行弹性大、灵活性强、多样化的就业形式to adopt elastic, flexible, diversified forms of employment
实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promote family planning and control the population size and improve the health of the people
实行劳动合同制度to institute a labor contract system
树立正确的价值观、世界观、人生观 help foster in the young the morally sound values and outlook on the world and life
思想道德建设(思想政治工作) moral education among people
提高部分优抚对象抚恤标准 Allowances for certain disabled service men and women and family members of revolutionary martyrs and service men and women have been increased.
提高劳动者素质to enhance workers’ quality
统筹兼顾城乡就业to make overall plans for urban and rural system
推动就业服务向社区延伸,形成多层次的就业服务网络to encourage the formation of community-run agencies as a part of the multi-level employment service network
推进素质教育 push ahead with education for all-around development
推行职业资格证书制度to introduce a vocational qualification credentials system
退休基金 pension fund
脱贫 lift off poverty; cast off poverty
完善和落实再就业优惠政策to improve and implement preferential reemployment
完善失业保险制度to improve the unemployment insurance system
文明城市 model city; culturally advanced city; city cited for high moral and cultural standards
物业管理 estate management, property management
消费价格总水平the general price level
小家庭 nuclear family
小康生活 enjoy a fairly comfortable life; be moderately better off
新生儿死亡率 infant mortality rate; neonatal mortality rate
行行出状元 Every profession produces its own leading authority.
研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graduate degree's diploma
养老保险 retirement insurance
养老保险制度the old-age insurance system
医疗保险 medical insurance
医疗保险制度the medical insurance system
应试教育 examination-oriented education system
优抚安置制度the special care and placement system
优化就业结构to optimize employment structure
有公德心 be civic-minded
舆论导向 direction of public opinion
舆论监督 supervision by public opinion
预期寿命 life expectancy
灾害救助制度the natural disaster relief system
在职博士生 on-job doctorate
招生就业指导 enrolment and vocation guidance
争取实现高等教育大众化 work to make regular higher education accessible to the majority of young people
政府主导计划 government-sponsored programs
职业道德 ethics of profession
中华人民共和国劳动法the Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China
中专生 secondary specialized or technical school student
重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业to stress the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential
抓好农村和流动人口计划生育管理与服务 devote efforts to the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population
自然增长率 natural growth rate
自学成才 self-taught and self-made person; become a qualified professional through self-taught way
最低生活保障制度the minimum living standard security system